Pakistan is a nation enriched by cultural diversity, history, and resilience. With over 230 million people, it is home to various ethnicities and traditions, including Punjabis, Sindhis, Baloch, Pashtuns, and Gilgitis, among others. Despite its many achievements and a growing middle class, certain behavioral patterns observed in both domestic tourism and international migration have raised serious concerns. While this article is based on personal observations and is not meant to generalize or offend, it highlights uncomfortable truths that some segments of our society need to reflect upon.
Tourism in Pakistan: The Dark Side of Domestic Travel
Pakistan has witnessed a significant surge in domestic tourism over the past decade. Locations like Hunza, Swat, Skardu, and Chitral have become hotspots for travelers. However, with increasing footfall comes responsibility—something that not all tourists seem to understand.
Environmental Irresponsibility
Hunza Valley, a gem in the Gilgit-Baltistan region, is a prime example. Once known for its serene beauty and pristine environment, it is now struggling with pollution and over-tourism. Many domestic tourists:
Organize open-air BBQs and leave trash behind.
Blast loud music, disturbing the peace of natural reserves.
Dispose of waste irresponsibly, damaging fragile ecosystems.
According to a report by the World Bank (2020), Pakistan generates about 3.9 million tons of plastic waste annually, and tourist regions like Gilgit-Baltistan are particularly vulnerable due to lack of infrastructure to manage sudden surges in waste.
Ethical Concerns and Exploitation
Even more troubling are reports of unethical behaviors by some visitors. Shop owners in Hunza have spoken out about:
Theft and fraud, including the use of fake digital transaction slips.
Tourists renting cars to flaunt wealth, often leading to scams or exploitative behavior.
Attempts to deceive local girls with fake promises of marriage or love, only to abandon them later.
These behaviors not only damage the local economy and social fabric but also create a distrustful atmosphere for genuine visitors.
Religious Hypocrisy and Cultural Intolerance
A major point of contention is the perceived contradiction between claimed religious identity and actions.
Many of these individuals proudly call themselves Muslims but engage in acts that starkly contrast Islamic teachings—dishonesty, exploitation, and disrespecting local cultures. For instance:
In Kalash Valley, a unique non-Muslim indigenous community in Chitral, there have been repeated attempts by outsiders to forcibly convert locals to Islam. In some extreme cases, these efforts have led to threats and violence.
Instead of appreciating the valley’s rich cultural diversity, these visitors impose their beliefs, often with little understanding of Islamic principles of tolerance and peaceful preaching (Qur’an 2:256: “There is no compulsion in religion.”).
This behavior raises a critical question: Would these individuals tolerate similar actions if they were on the receiving end, especially in foreign lands?
The International Face of the Problem
Beyond borders, some individuals from Pakistan continue to act irresponsibly, bringing shame to the country’s reputation abroad.
Visa Fraud and Illegal Activities
It’s no secret that immigration systems in the West are often manipulated. Reports and court cases from countries like the UK, Germany, and the USA have detailed:
Fake asylum claims and forged documents.
Illegal work under student or tourist visas.
Involvement in drug trafficking or street-level crimes.
According to Europol’s 2023 report, several South Asian nationals, including Pakistanis, have been involved in visa fraud rings and identity scams.
Moral Contradictions Abroad
A particularly disheartening trend is the double life some migrants lead:
Engaging in unlawful activities, clubbing, illicit relationships (Zina), while demanding halal food and religious accommodations.
Expressing devotion by planning pilgrimages to Mecca or Medina, yet acting in contradiction to Islamic ethics.
These contradictions confuse host communities and damage the credibility of the global Muslim diaspora.
Online Exploitation and Immigration Fraud
With the rise of social media, another disturbing trend has emerged: romantic manipulation for immigration purposes.
Both men and women from Pakistan have been reported to:
Fake relationships with foreigners to gain marriage-based immigration.
Cheat their partners after obtaining visas or citizenship.
Engage in cyber fraud under the guise of love or marriage proposals.
This behavior not only affects the victims emotionally and financially but also reinforces negative stereotypes about Pakistanis globally.
Accountability and the Path Forward
It is essential to recognize that not all Pakistanis behave this way. Many are hardworking, law-abiding, and bring pride to the nation. But remaining silent about the wrongs of a few means endorsing them.
We must:
Raise Awareness: Through social media, education, and local dialogues, address the gap between claimed values and practiced behavior.
Improve Law Enforcement: Both domestically and through diplomatic missions abroad, ensure stricter checks and fair consequences for illegal actions.
Promote Ethical Tourism: Educate domestic travelers on eco-friendly and respectful travel practices.
Revamp Religious Understanding: Shift from ritualistic displays to genuine practice of Islam’s core teachings—honesty, humility, and respect for others.
Conclusion
This is a wake-up call—not a condemnation of an entire community, but a heartfelt plea to introspect. A few unethical behaviors, if unaddressed, can damage the reputation of an entire nation. It is our collective duty as citizens, Muslims, and human beings to uphold integrity whether at home or abroad.
Let us remember: God is not only worshipped in mosques or during pilgrimages but also in how we treat people, respect laws, and live honestly.
Disclaimer: This article is based on the author’s personal experiences and observations. It does not intend to offend any religious or ethnic group but aims to spark necessary dialogue and awareness. We acknowledge and respect the many honorable individuals from Pakistan who represent the nation positively around the world.
Nestled high in the Karakoram Mountains of Northern Pakistan, the Hunza Valley is not just known for its breathtaking landscapes and vibrant culture, but also for the longevity and vitality of its people. The secret? Many believe it’s in their food. Hunza Valley’s traditional cuisine is a treasure trove of pure, organic, and nutrient-dense dishes that stand apart from the spicy and rich foods typical in other parts of Pakistan. Drawing influences from ancient Silk Road cultures and neighboring Central Asian countries, Hunza cuisine is both unique and wholesome.
If you’re on a culinary adventure seeking the traditional foods of Gilgit-Baltistan, Hunza Valley’s dishes offer a refreshing change. These meals are often made with homegrown ingredients, minimal spices, and an emphasis on natural flavors. Whether you’re dining in a local hotel, a traditional restaurant, or even a Hunza household, these 15 authentic dishes will give you a taste of the valley’s rich heritage.
1. Burus Shapik
The Iconic Cottage Cheese Flatbread Burus Shapik is perhaps the most famous dish in the Hunza Valley, reserved for special occasions and family gatherings. It features Booros (cottage cheese) and Tzapick (flatbread). Given the valley’s harsh winters, this dish is rich and wholesome, perfect for boosting immunity.
Recipe: Yogurt is boiled, and whey is drained to make the Booros. This cheese is mixed with mint, chopped green onions, and a pinch of salt. Two thin flatbreads are baked over fire, and the cheese mixture is spread between them. The final touch is brushing the top with nut oil or melted butter.
2. Hoi Lo Garma
A Delectable Mix of Lettuce and Homemade Pasta Hoi Lo Garma is a rich and flavorsome dish, combining Romaine lettuce with handmade pasta. The earthy ingredients create a hearty dish that’s both comforting and nutritious.
Hoi Lo Garma: A Delectable Mix of Lettuce and Homemade Pasta
Hoi Lo Garma is a rich, flavorful dish that combines the freshness of Romaine lettuce with homemade pasta. The earthy ingredients come together to create a hearty, comforting, and nutritious meal
Recipe: Boil chopped Romaine lettuce and drain the water. Fry red onions in vegetable oil until golden, then add the lettuce, potatoes, and salt. Let it simmer. Roll out pasta made from whole wheat flour and water, and layer it into the mixture, adding apricot nut paste for flavor. Cook on low heat until the pasta is soft and tender.
Preparation Time: Approx. 10 mins (for Chapatti Dough) Cooking Time: Approx. 30 mins
Utensils:
Large bowl
Large pan or saucepan
Large spoon
Ingredients:
600g Fresh spinach
30ml vegetable oil or Zhuway Haneeya Dell (apricot oil)
1 medium Ghashuu (onion), diced
1/2 tsp Afareen (Himalayan salt)
1/2 tsp Maricho (chili) (or more for extra heat)
250ml Xil (water)
1 quantity of Chapatti Dough (homemade)
Method:
Prepare Chapatti Dough: Begin by making your basic chapatti dough. Roll it out to a thickness of approximately 2mm, then slice into ribbons about 3cm wide. Set aside in a dry place.
Prepare the Vegetables: In a large pan, heat the vegetable or apricot oil. Fry the diced Ghashuu (onion) until it becomes translucent. Add the water, salt, and Maricho (chili) to the pan, and bring to a boil.
Cook the Spinach: While the water is heating up, wash the spinach thoroughly and roughly chop it. Once the water is boiling, add the spinach and simmer over medium heat for about 5 minutes, until the spinach wilts down.
Add Chapatti Ribbons: Add the chapatti ribbons into the pan with the spinach and onion mixture. Allow them to simmer until the noodles are soft. If the mixture becomes too dry, feel free to add more water to keep it from sticking.
Final Touches: Once the noodles are cooked through and soft, you can serve the dish hot. The result is a warm, comforting bowl of Hoi Lo Garma, blending the flavors of fresh spinach, homemade pasta, and the rich, earthy tones of apricot oil and spices.
3. Molida
A Festival Favorite from Gojal Valley Molida is a beloved dish in the Gojal Valley, often served during festivals and weddings.
Recipe: Warm buttermilk on low heat and add chunks of baked flatbread. Stir well and add salt to taste. Once thickened, remove from heat, serve in a bowl, and pour apricot oil into the center. Traditionally, it’s eaten communally from the same bowl.
4. Harissa
Wheat and Meat Dish for Special Occasions While similar to the Middle Eastern Harees, Hunza’s Harissa has its own unique twist. It’s a labor-intensive dish, usually prepared for festivals and funerals.
Harissa is one of the traditional, delicious dishes of the Northern areas of Pakistan, cherished for its rich flavors and hearty ingredients. Prepared with wheat, boiled meat (beef or mutton), desi ghee (butter), salt, and water, Harissa is a protein-packed dish that is both nourishing and satisfying. The dish is commonly made on special occasions such as festivals, weddings, and even funerals, symbolizing its importance in the region’s cultural and social fabric.
Harissa’s taste is extraordinarily delicious, with a unique blend of textures from the soft wheat and tender meat. The process of making Harissa is simple yet time-consuming, ensuring that each bite is filled with rich, comforting flavors. From Chapursan Valley to central Hunza, Harissa is a beloved dish that brings communities together during both joyous and solemn events. Though it is not an everyday dish, its presence at special gatherings makes it a cherished part of Hunza’s culinary heritage.
Recipe: Chunks of fat and meat (mutton or beef) are cooked in a large cauldron over an open fire for hours. Once cooked, the meat is removed, and washed wheat grains are added to the broth and fat mixture, cooking until tender. The dish is served thick and grainy with chunks of boiled meat.
5. Diram Phitti
Naturally Sweet Bread for Special Events Diram Phitti is a naturally sweet bread, often prepared for Nowruz, weddings, and other celebrations.
Diram Phitti is a sweet delicacy that holds a special place in Hunza’s culinary repertoire. Made from soaked wheat flour and sugar, this dish is a staple at weddings and other celebratory events. The wheat flour is often sprouted before use, which imparts a natural sweetness and enhances its nutritional value. Diram Phitti is typically served with butter, almond oil, or apricot oil, adding richness and depth to its flavor. As a high-energy food, it is perfect for the hardworking people of Hunza, particularly those engaged in agricultural activities. This exceptional breakfast item not only satisfies the taste buds but also provides the necessary fuel for a day of labor in the fields.
Recipe: Sprout wheat by soaking it overnight and letting it germinate for several days. Once dried and milled into flour, mix with water to create a thick dough. Shape into small patties and bake over an open fire or in an oven. Before serving, mix with apricot oil.
6. Sharbat
Aged Butter Delight for Weddings Sharbat is a rich dish made during wedding festivities, requiring an entire day to prepare.
Sharbat is a refreshing, sweet beverage deeply ingrained in the culinary traditions of Hunza and the broader Gilgit-Baltistan region. Made from natural ingredients such as mulberries, apricots, and other locally grown fruits, Sharbat is often enjoyed during hot summer days and special gatherings. The drink is not only a symbol of hospitality but also a reflection of the region’s rich agricultural heritage. Served chilled, it offers a perfect balance of sweetness and tang, making it an ideal companion to the hearty dishes of the region.
Recipe: Melt aged butter to purify it, similar to making ghee. Coarsely grind soaked wheat grains and add them to the boiling butter-water mixture. The dish is ready when a layer of butter rises to the surface. It’s served with a bowl of purified aged butter oil.
7. Gyal (GIYALING)
Crepes with a Hunza Twist These thin crepes are made from whole wheat or buckwheat flour and often enjoyed with walnut oil, organic honey, or apricot jam.
Recipe: Create a runny batter from flour and water. Pour a scoop onto a heated pan, spreading it thinly. Once light brown, flip and cook the other side. Brush with nut oil before serving.
8. Ghilmindi
Layered Yogurt Bread from Gojal-Hunza Ghilmindi is similar to Burus Shapik but has a salty-sour flavor that’s irresistible.
Experience the rich flavors of Wakhi cuisine with Ghilmindi, a traditional Wakhi Pamiri dish typically served on special occasions such as plowing season, community festivals, and gatherings in the Gojal Valley of Upper Hunza. While this dish is known by different names across Gilgit-Baltistan, the preparation process remains largely the same, especially within the Wakhi community due to their cultural background as shepherds. With an abundance of dairy products and meat, known locally as “mol hol,” Ghilmindi is a staple that highlights these rich ingredients.
This delicious and healthy dish from Gojal-Hunza combines layers of bread with a tangy yogurt and cheese filling, topped with a generous amount of apricot oil and nuts. To prepare, start by making two layers of (negan) wheat bread or chapati. Then, add a mixture of chili powder and salt to a curd mixture and apply it to one chapati. Place the other chapati on top (yui ska yui sar) to create a sandwich, and apply a generous amount of (chuwan tal) apricot oil to the surface. Finish with a sprinkle of nuts both inside and on top for an unforgettable taste experience. The result is a salty-sour taste that will have you coming back for seconds.
This traditional dish of Gojal-Hunza is not only delicious but also a healthy combination of flavors and textures. Nowadays, some women-owned businesses are proudly serving these traditional foods in many areas of Gilgit-Baltistan, allowing both locals and visitors to experience authentic Hunza cuisine.
Recipe: Prepare two flatbreads, layering them with curd mixed with chili powder and salt. Sandwich the layers and brush the top with apricot oil.
9. Berikutz
Nutty Flatbread for Festivals A festival favorite, Berikutz features apricot or walnut paste sandwiched between flatbreads.A beloved festival treat, Berikutz combines the rich, earthy flavors of apricot or walnut paste sandwiched between layers of freshly made flatbread. It’s a delicious and aromatic delight that is sure to impress.
Recipe: Spread a generous layer of nut paste (apricot or walnut) between two sheets of rolled-out dough. Cook over low heat until golden brown and crispy on both sides. For an extra burst of flavor, brush with nut oil before serving.
You Must Taste This One 😉
A signature dish of Hunza Valley, Burus Berikutz takes it up a notch by filling soft, local cheese (known as burus) mixed with fresh mint and coriander inside the flatbreads. Topped with a drizzle of apricot kernel oil, this version offers an aromatic punch that makes every bite irresistible.
10. Sikerkuch Chamik
Quick Fenugreek Soup This nutritious soup is a go-to dish when time is short, thanks to its simple yet flavorful ingredients.
Recipe: Pound dried fenugreek leaves into powder. Fry onions in vegetable oil, add red chili, and salt. Mix fenugreek with a little wheat flour and water to reduce bitterness, then combine with the fried onions and simmer into a soup.
11. Fitti
Traditional Leavened Bread Fitti is a round, leavened bread traditionally baked in hot coals but now often made in ovens.
Recipe: Mix whole wheat flour, ghee, salt, and sourdough/yeast. Add lukewarm water to form dough, let it rise, then bake until golden brown. Best enjoyed with tea, butter, and salt.
Traditional Leavened Bread: Fitti
Fitti is a round, leavened bread that holds a special place in the hearts of the people of Hunza. Traditionally baked in hot coals, this bread is known for its crispy crust and soft, airy interior. Though now commonly made in ovens, it still carries the charm and authenticity of its origins. Fitti is an essential part of the Hunza breakfast, enjoyed with tea, butter, and sometimes a sprinkle of salt.
Recipe:
Prepare the Dough: Begin by mixing whole wheat flour, ghee, salt, and sourdough starter or yeast in a large bowl. Slowly add lukewarm water to the mixture, kneading it until a soft, elastic dough forms.
Let It Rise: Cover the dough and let it rise in a warm place for about 1-2 hours, or until it has doubled in size.
Shape and Bake: Once the dough has risen, gently punch it down and shape it into a round loaf. Place it in the oven or, traditionally, in hot coals. Bake at a moderate temperature until the bread is golden brown with a crispy, slightly charred crust.
Finishing Touches: When the bread is done, remove it from the oven or coals and allow it to cool slightly. It is often brushed with a bit of ghee or butter to enhance the flavor.
Best Enjoyed with Tea, Butter, and Salt Fitti is best served fresh, hot, and paired with a warm cup of salted tea—a comforting beverage that is both savory and soothing. Traditionally, in Hunza, the breakfast includes freshly baked Fitti alongside tea and butter. The simplicity of this meal provides a satisfying and nourishing start to the day, filling you with warmth and energy.
Salted Tea with Traditional Bread A typical Hunza breakfast consists of home-baked bread, tea, and butter, offering a wholesome combination of flavors. The bread, often made fresh and not fermented, brings a comforting texture to pair with the creamy, slightly salted butter. The salted tea, known for its unique and hearty taste, perfectly complements the warm bread, making this traditional meal an unforgettable experience.
Fitti is more than just bread; it’s a part of the culture and heritage of Hunza, a delicious symbol of warmth, simplicity, and tradition. Enjoy it as part of your morning routine for a true taste of this picturesque mountain valley.
12. Battering Dawdo
Sweet and Sour Apricot Soup This apricot-based soup is perfect for cold winters and flu season.
Recipe: Boil dried apricots in water until thickened. Add small beads of wheat dough and cook until soft. Serve warm on snowy days.
13. Qurut Zay Dawdo
Sour Cheese Soup with Tagliatelle A hearty soup combining sour cheese and homemade pasta, ideal for winter.
Recipe: Fry onions, add tomatoes, garlic paste, and meat. Once tender, add water or broth, sour cheese, and homemade tagliatelle. Simmer until cooked.
Ingredients
Boneless chicken 450 grams
Onion 1 large
Tomatoes 2 large
Cooking oil 1/3 cup
Ginger-garlic paste 2 tbs
Curry powder 2 tbs
Jaiphal powder 1 tsp
Black pepper 1 tsp
Turmeric powder 1 tsp
Garam masala 1 tsp
Salt 1 tbs
All-purpose flour 2 1/2 cups
Fresh mint 2 tbs chopped
14. Chamus
Refreshing Apricot Drink Chamus is a simple, nourishing summer drink that has been enjoyed for generations in Hunza. Made from dried apricots, it offers a naturally sweet and refreshing taste perfect for quenching your thirst during the warm months of April and May.
Recipe:
Recipe:
Prepare the Apricots: Rinse the dried apricots (Zhuu) thoroughly with fresh water (Xil) three times to remove any dirt or impurities. Once rinsed, place the apricots in a large bowl and cover them with water.
Massage the Apricots: Use your hands to massage the apricots in the water. As you rub them together, they will start to soften and release their natural juices. Continue adding water as needed, ensuring the apricots become soft and almost liquid-like in texture.Note: This process should take about 15-20 minutes. Do not use a machine, as the traditional hand-massaging method helps retain the natural essence of the apricots.
Serve: Once the apricots have turned into a thick, smooth liquid, pour the mixture into a large jug. Serve the Chamus chilled over a glass of ice (Ghamu), and garnish with a sprig of mint (Podina) for added freshness and flavor.
Preparation Time: Chamus takes approximately 25 minutes to prepare, but the time may vary depending on the quality and dryness of the apricots you use.
Utensils:
Large Bowl
Ladle
Large Jug
Ice and Glasses for serving
Ingredients:
1 kg Dried Zhuu (Apricots) or 1 kg fresh Zhuu (Apricots)
3 liters Xil (Water) plus additional water for rinsing
Ghamu (Ice) for serving (optional)
Podina (Mint) for garnish (optional)
A Traditional Favorite of Hunza: Chamus is a beloved drink, cherished by my people, and it’s typically enjoyed in the months of April and May to quench the thirst during the hot season. The natural sweetness of the apricots, combined with the refreshing cold ice and mint, makes this drink the perfect companion on a warm day.
This apricot drink not only quenches thirst but also offers a boost of energy, thanks to the nutrients in the dried apricots. It’s a fantastic way to stay hydrated while enjoying a refreshing taste of Hunza’s natural bounty. So, next time you’re craving something cool and satisfying, reach for a glass of Chamus—a truly traditional treat!
Indulge in the soothing warmth of Tumuro Tea, made from the natural Wild Thyme harvested from the pristine valleys of Hunza. This organic, sweet, and light green tea is a perfect remedy to warm your spirit and refresh your mind, while offering a calming and rejuvenating experience.
Tumuro Tea contains no sugar, artificial colors, artificial flavors, or preservatives. It’s a natural elixir that’s perfect for those seeking to improve their wellness. It is widely recognized as an effective remedy for improving sleep and supporting overall health.
nearth the Secrets of the Majestic Himalayas Tumuro Tea is a botanical wonder, cherished by ancient cultures and modern wellness enthusiasts alike. Sourced from the majestic slopes of the Himalayas, Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum) thrives in nutrient-rich soil, nourished by pure mountain air. This ensures unmatched potency and authenticity, making Tumuro Tea a premium choice for those seeking natural wellness.
Benefits of Wild Thyme – Tumuro Tea
Wild Thyme, the key ingredient in Tumuro Tea, offers an extensive range of health benefits:
Respiratory Relief: Helps with coughs, bronchitis, and inflamed airways.
Kidney and Bladder Health: Aids in the treatment of kidney and bladder disorders.
Circulatory Support: Improves blood circulation and lowers harmful cholesterol levels.
Digestive Aid: Relieves intestinal gas and colic discomfort.
Promotes Better Sleep: A natural remedy to enhance sleep quality.
Immune System Booster: Helps strengthen the immune system and combat infections.
Skin Health: When applied topically, Wild Thyme can kill germs and aid with arthritis, eczema, cuts, and sprains.
Why Choose Our Tumuro Tea?
Purity and Uniqueness: Sourced exclusively from the Himalayan region, our Wild Thyme is organically cultivated in a pristine, chemical-free environment. This guarantees a pure and authentic tea with no additives.
Aromatic Delight: The enchanting aroma of Tumuro Tea captures the essence of the Himalayas. As you sip, the delicate, earthy fragrance invigorates your senses, making it a truly rejuvenating experience.
Rich in Nutrients: Wild Thyme is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These essential nutrients support immune health, aid in respiratory relief, and promote digestive health.
Versatile and Flavorful: Wild Thyme isn’t just for tea—it can elevate your culinary creations. Add it to savory dishes or desserts for a burst of natural flavor.
Holistic Wellness: Traditionally, Wild Thyme has been used to calm the mind, soothe the body, and promote overall well-being. Make it a part of your daily wellness ritual.
How to Use Tumuro Tea:
Tumuro Tea’s versatility makes it easy to incorporate into your routine in a variety of ways:
Herbal Infusions: Steep 1 gram of pure Wild Thyme in hot water for 2 cups of soothing tea. Perfect for relaxing after a busy day.
Aromatherapy: Diffuse Wild Thyme essential oil to create a serene ambiance that promotes relaxation and mental clarity.
Herbal Bath: Add dried Wild Thyme to your bath for a rejuvenating and aromatic experience.
Culinary Masterpieces: Sprinkle fresh or dried Wild Thyme on your favorite dishes for a delightful herbal note.
Embrace the Magic of Tumuro Tea
Unlock the secrets of the Himalayan mountains with our Tumuro Tea – Wild Thyme. Embrace nature’s gift and experience unparalleled flavors and wellness benefits. Whether you’re looking to improve sleep, boost immunity, or enhance your overall health, Tumuro Tea is the perfect addition to your wellness routine.
Final Thoughts
Hunza Valley’s traditional food is more than just a collection of recipes—it’s a way of life that prioritizes health, sustainability, and community. The organic ingredients, minimal spices, and wholesome cooking techniques contribute to the renowned longevity of the Hunza people. So, if you ever find yourself in the valley, be sure to indulge in these authentic dishes for a taste of history, culture, and unparalleled flavor.
For Health related information:
All health content on hunzatimes.com is provided for general information purposes only. It should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment.
Unless otherwise stated, all products featured on our website are grown in natural environments without the use of preservatives or artificial flavors. However, please note that no product has been lab-tested or certified as organic.
Consult a healthcare professional before using any new products, especially if you have existing health conditions or concerns.
7-day tour plan for your journey from Kashi City to Hunza Valley through the Khunjerab Border
Day 1: Arrival in Kashi City, China
Pick up from Kashi Airport, China Transfer to Tashkurgan, China Overnight stay in Tashkurgan
Day 2: Tashkurgan to Hunza
Private van transfer from Tashkurgan to Hunza Cross the Khunjerab Border Visit Attabad Lake Check-in at a 3 to 5-star hotel near Attabad Lake Overnight stay in Hunza
Day 3: Hunza Exploration
Visit Borit Lake Cross Hussaini Suspension Bridge Explore Passu Cones Visit Sost Bazaar Visit Khunjerab National Park (if accessible) Return to the hotel near Attabad Lake Overnight stay in Hunza
Day 4: Karimabad and Forts
Transfer to Karimabad Explore Karimabad city Visit local forts Enjoy local food and a musical night Overnight stay in Karimabad
Day 5: Rakaposhi Peak and Shopping
Visit Rakaposhi Peak Explore Aliabad Bazaar for shopping Return to the hotel in Karimabad Overnight stay in Karimabad
Day 6: Leisure Day in Karimabad
Enjoy a day at leisure in Karimabad Optional activities: Visit local markets, interact with local communities, or relax in the scenic surroundings Overnight stay in Karimabad
Day 7: Departure to China
Depart from Karimabad Private van transfer to Tashkurgan, China Cross the Khunjerab Border Drive back to Kashi City, China Drop-off at Kashi City, China
We are pleased to present you with the formal details and extended information for the Hunza Valley tour through the Khunjerab Border. This tour is available from April to September, with one trip per month. To ensure a successful trip, a minimum of 10 participants is required. Please note that if the group size falls below this requirement, the tour may be subject to cancellation.
We are committed to supporting you in obtaining a tourist visa for this trip. We will provide the necessary documentation and assistance throughout the visa application process.
To confirm your booking, an advance payment is required. The total cost for the entire trip per person is 9000 RMB. This price includes food, accommodation, transportation, and sponsorship for visa support.
We offer various payment methods to accommodate your convenience. Payments can be made through Alipay, WeChat, bank transfer, or online purchase.
We assure you that this is the most cost-effective trip available for Chinese nationals wanting to explore the Hunza Valley. Our team has over 10 years of experience in the tourism industry, ensuring a well-organized and enjoyable journey.
If you have any questions or require further information, please feel free to contact us. We are available for consultation at +8619934296073 (Wechat , call, SMS).
Thank you for considering this trip, and we look forward to providing you with an unforgettable travel experience.
We understand that circumstances may change, and we have a company policy in place regarding refunds. Refunds can be made based on the specific terms and conditions outlined in our policy. We prioritize transparency and customer satisfaction, and our team will be happy to provide you with detailed information regarding our refund policy upon request.
While the itinerary provided is a general tour itinerary, we also offer customized and personalized tours based on individual preferences and interests. If you are interested in tailoring the trip to suit your specific needs, we encourage you to contact us directly. Our team will work closely with you to create a personalized itinerary that aligns with your preferences and ensures a memorable experience.
We believe in providing exceptional customer service and aim to exceed your expectations. Please do not hesitate to reach out to us for more information or specific inquiries regarding refunds, customization options, or any other concerns you may have. We are here to assist you and ensure that your trip to the Hunza Valley is truly unforgettable.
Please note that this plan is subject to road conditions, weather, and other factors, so it’s crucial to stay flexible. Additionally, check travel advisories and conditions before planning your trip. Enjoy your adventure through the stunning landscapes of the Hunza Valley!
The report provides information about Hunza Valley, a mountainous region in the northern part of the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. It shares borders with Ishkoman, Shigar, Afghanistan’s Wakhan Corridor, and the Xinjiang region of China. The valley consists of three regions: Upper Hunza (Gojal), Central Hunza, and Lower Hunza (Shinaki).
The history of the region is mentioned, including the presence of Buddhism before the arrival of Islam. The region played a significant role in the transmission of Buddhism throughout Asia. The article also mentions the former princely state of Hunza, which was dissolved in 1974.
The tourism potential of the Hunza Valley is highlighted, with its popular tourist destinations such as Rakaposhi mountain, Baltit Fort, Altit Fort, and various lakes including Attabad Lake and Borith Lake. The valley offers views of several high peaks above 7,000 meters and is known for its eco-friendly hiking treks. The valley is also believed to be the inspiration for the mythical valley of Shangri-La.
The text also mentions a 2018 rescue mission where Pakistan Army pilots rescued foreign mountaineers stuck in a snow avalanche on Ultar Sar Peak.
Overall, the provided information can be used to update or start notes for the video about Hunza Valley.
Search for popular tourist attractions in Hunza Valley
Popular Tourist Attractions in Hunza Valley
Introduction: Hunza Valley, located along the Central Asian Silk Route, is renowned for its natural beauty and captivating landscapes. This report aims to highlight the top tourist attractions in Hunza Valley, providing valuable information for a video project.
Top 10 Places to Visit in Hunza Valley:
Rakaposhi Peak: A majestic mountain offering breathtaking views.
Karimabad: A village known for its cherry and apricot trees, small market, Queen Victoria Monument, Channel Walk, and Ulter Nala glacier.
Altit Fort: An ancient fort that showcases local culture and offers mesmerizing views.
Baltit Fort: A towering fortress with a rich history and stunning panoramic views.
Attabad Lake: A major tourist attraction with crystal turquoise water.
Rush Lake: A serene lake located in the Nagar Valley, offering a peaceful retreat.
Sost Border: The point where the China-Pakistan border passes through the Mintika pass.
Gulmit: A village offering impressive views and unique cultural spots.
Borith Lake: A serene lake surrounded by vast plains, accessible by a jeep ride from Husseini village.
Eagle Nest Duiker: A famous viewpoint in Dukair, providing panoramic views of the entire Hunza Valley.
Additional Information:
Best time to visit Hunza Valley is from April to October, when the weather is pleasant.
Hunza Valley is known for its lush green beauty and cold climate.
The valley has a solid historical background and is divided into three major regions: Upper Hunza Gojal, Central Hunza, and Lower Hunza.
Hunza Tours offers packages to explore the top 10 places in Hunza Valley.
Each of the top 10 places in Hunza Valley has its own unique details and significance.
Conclusion: Hunza Valley is a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers. With its stunning landscapes, historical forts, serene lakes, and breathtaking viewpoints, it offers a truly unforgettable experience. Whether exploring the ancient forts, trekking through the valleys, or simply enjoying the tranquility of the lakes, Hunza Valley is a must-visit destination for anyone seeking natural beauty and cultural richness.
Search for the culture and traditions of Hunza Valley
The Hunza Valley is a picturesque destination known for its natural scenery, culture, and traditions. Surrounded by high mountain peaks, it is popular among mountaineers and trekkers. The locals have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their hospitality, traditional music, and dances. Apricots are a popular fruit in the valley, and the people are known for their longevity. The best time to visit is from April to October. The valley is known for its natural beauty, cultural significance, and strategic location. It is surrounded by snow-capped peaks and is home to glacial lakes. Hunza Valley has a rich history influenced by different cultures and civilizations. The people follow diverse religious beliefs, with the majority being Ismaili Muslims. There are stunning mountains, glaciers, rivers, and lakes in the valley. Historical landmarks and forts, such as Baltit Fort and Altit Fort, offer a glimpse into the region’s history and cultural heritage. The valley also has unique traditional food and cuisine. Baltit Village is famous for its traditional houses, and Eagles Nest is a viewpoint that provides breathtaking views. The food and cuisine reflect the unique culture and geography of the region, with popular dishes like “chapshuro” and “mamtu.” The valley offers various trekking routes, such as the Karakoram Expressway (KKH) journey and the Batura Glacier trek. It is also a popular destination for rock climbing and mountaineering, with challenging peaks like Rakaposhi and Ultar Sar.
Summarize the history of Hunza Valley
The Hunza Valley is a mountainous region located in the northern part of the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan, bordering Ishkoman, Shigar, Afghanistan’s Wakhan Corridor, and the Xinjiang region of China. The valley is divided into three regions: Upper Hunza (Gojal), Central Hunza, and Lower Hunza (Shinaki).
Historically, the region was a hub for Buddhism before the advent of Islam, playing a significant role in the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia. The valley was also home to the former princely state of Hunza, which was dissolved in 1974.
The Hunza Valley is a popular tourist destination, known for its breathtaking views of high peaks above 7,000 meters, eco-friendly hiking treks, and landmarks such as Rakaposhi mountain, Baltit Fort, Altit Fort, Attabad Lake, and Borith Lake. The valley’s beauty is so renowned that it is believed to have inspired the mythical valley of Shangri-La.
The valley’s history also includes a 2018 rescue mission where Pakistan Army pilots saved foreign mountaineers trapped in a snow avalanche on Ultar Sar Peak. This event further highlights the adventurous spirit and natural beauty of the region.
Summarize the tourist attractions in Hunza Valley
Hunza Valley, a gem along the Central Asian Silk Route, is a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers. It is home to the majestic Rakaposhi Peak, the charming village of Karimabad with its cherry and apricot trees, and the ancient Altit and Baltit Forts that offer mesmerizing views. The valley also boasts of stunning lakes like Attabad and Rush Lake, and the Sost Border where the China-Pakistan border passes. Other attractions include the village of Gulmit, Borith Lake, and the Eagle Nest Duiker viewpoint. The best time to visit is from April to October. Each attraction has its own unique details and significance, making Hunza Valley a must-visit destination for its natural beauty and cultural richness.
Summarize the culture and traditions of Hunza Valley
The Hunza Valley, a picturesque destination, is renowned for its stunning natural scenery, rich cultural heritage, and unique traditions. The valley is surrounded by towering mountain peaks, making it a popular spot for mountaineers and trekkers. The locals are known for their hospitality and have a vibrant culture, which is reflected in their traditional music and dances. Apricots, a popular fruit in the valley, are a testament to the region’s fertile lands. The people of Hunza are also known for their longevity, which is often attributed to their healthy lifestyle and diet.
The valley’s cultural significance is deeply rooted in its history, which has been influenced by various cultures and civilizations. The majority of the population practices Ismaili Islam, adding to the diversity of religious beliefs in the region. The valley is home to historical landmarks and forts, such as Baltit Fort and Altit Fort, which offer a glimpse into the region’s past.
The Hunza Valley is also known for its unique traditional food and cuisine, which reflect the culture and geography of the region. Popular dishes include “chapshuro” and “mamtu”. The valley’s strategic location, surrounded by snow-capped peaks and glacial lakes, adds to its natural beauty.
The best time to visit the Hunza Valley is from April to October. During this time, visitors can enjoy breathtaking views from viewpoints like the Eagles Nest, explore traditional houses in Baltit Village, and embark on adventurous trekking routes like the Karakoram Expressway (KKH) journey and the Batura Glacier trek. The valley is also a popular destination for rock climbing and mountaineering, with challenging peaks like Rakaposhi and Ultar Sar.
ChatGPT: How to Use the AI Chatbot Everyone’s Talking About
As an AI-powered chatbot, ChatGPT has gained popularity for its ability to engage in natural language conversations with humans. In this article, we’ll discuss how to use ChatGPT and make the most of its capabilities.
Introduction to ChatGPT
ChatGPT is an AI-powered chatbot developed by OpenAI that uses natural language processing to interact with humans. It is designed to understand the context of a conversation and respond accordingly, making it one of the most sophisticated chatbots available today. ChatGPT has been trained on a vast amount of data, allowing it to answer a wide range of questions and carry out various tasks.
Getting Started with ChatGPT
To use ChatGPT, you first need to access it. There are several ways to do this, such as visiting the OpenAI website or using a platform that integrates with ChatGPT, such as Facebook Messenger or WhatsApp. Once you’ve accessed the chatbot, you can start a conversation by typing in a message.
Engaging in a Conversation with ChatGPT
ChatGPT is designed to engage in natural language conversations, so you can ask it questions or give it commands just as you would with a human. The chatbot will respond with an answer or carry out the task as requested. For example, you could ask ChatGPT to tell you a joke, provide you with the weather forecast, or book a restaurant reservation.
Making the Most of ChatGPT’s Capabilities
To make the most of ChatGPT’s capabilities, it’s important to provide clear and concise instructions. This will help the chatbot understand what you’re asking and provide a more accurate response. Additionally, ChatGPT is constantly learning, so the more you interact with it, the more it will improve.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ChatGPT is an AI-powered chatbot that has gained popularity for its ability to engage in natural language conversations with humans. To use ChatGPT, you first need to access it, and then you can start a conversation by typing in a message. To make the most of ChatGPT’s capabilities, provide clear and concise instructions, and interact with it frequently to help it improve.
The importance of silk routes remained as much as it had during the Great Game. Around the 1840s the great game was started between the Tsarist Empire of Russia and British India. It was a quest for geopolitical locations of Central Asia, including Gilgit Baltistan. In history, the network of silk routes had a great role in Tsarist-British expansionism in high Asia. In the era of British India, the Gilgit agency was created under the direct protection of British forces. The sole purpose was to stop Russian invasion and expansion through the passes in the Pamirs and the Karakorams.
In the same fashion, today the web of these silk routes plays a similar role in china’s political adventure of economic expansionism. For instance, the construction of Karakoram Highway (the new name of the old silk route), which connects South Asia, China, and Central Asia. The recent CPEC and OROB initiative indicates a new pattern of a great game in the 21st century. The formation of organized, systematic, and advanced structure of new high ways suggests that it is a greater game than a great game in the 19th century. The physical infrastructure of these new corridors does not mean mere trade and travel rather it can cause greater changes such as new ideas, cultures, languages, social interactions, and even diseases that can be imagined in the case of the covid-19 pandemic. The forces of Sino expansionism will bring problems as well as opportunities. However, the inhabitants along the silk route, particularly the people of Gilgit Baltistan have to accept the reality that such a sea change cannot be prevented. As the tendency to seek the Chinese language in the youth of Hunza indicates the Sino cultural influence in the region. GB seems likely to be the first piece of the geographical puzzle, which would be affected by future imperial power.
The solutions for such an inevitable revolutionizing wave (the greater Game) approaching down from china are; first is to accept reasonable change which will give positive consequences in future and second is to reject negative change which will because of culture, heritage, and environmental costs. The acceptance of reasonable change also includes doing participation in the economic process like trade and market while demanding equal rights in any kind of developmental project. Gilgit Baltistan is alienated in CPEC, despite its geopolitical importance in connecting the OROB to the rest of the world. Therefore, the dwellers along the Karakoram High way should be given special privileges and incentives in these projects such as free trade zone without tariff barriers, cultural and educational exchanges for the youth, international flights to Gilgit for tourism development, and more important is to open Khunjarab border for international tourism exchange.
Now the most possible alternative for the communities living along the web of silk routes is to set the stage before commencing economic relations on the belt road. It means the preparations for participation in the trade market and the demand for equal access into the market. However, uneven development is part of a modern capitalistic economy and on the other hand, it is a perfect opportunity for thugs of silk to become traders of the silk route.
In these corridors, there will be a flow of commerce, advanced communications, social interactions, ideologies, etc, which would impact and influence the traditions, norms, values even faith of the masses in its way. The matter to ponder for the people of GB is that in past they were at the endpoint in British or western imperialism and today future imperialism is at the doorstep, which can cause much impact.
Global diplomacy is often celebrated as a sophisticated mechanism of international cooperation. However, beneath its polished surface lies a complex, opaque, and heavily bureaucratic system that disadvantages the very people who need opportunity the most—citizens from underdeveloped nations.
For these individuals, simply applying for a visa to visit a developed country can be an ordeal, both financially and emotionally. While foreign embassies and consulates project fairness and order, many of their systems, rules, and procedures end up functioning more like gatekeeping mechanisms—especially for the poor and uneducated.
Let’s break down how.
The Visa Fee Trap: Paying Without a Product
Consider this: The average visa application fee for countries like the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and EU nations ranges between $100 to $200 USD. For a family or individual in an underdeveloped country, this can represent an entire month’s income, or more.
Now imagine being denied the visa after paying this fee. No refund. No appeal. Just a silent denial.
To use an analogy: Imagine walking into a café, paying for a cup of coffee, and then being told you won’t be served. No explanation. No refund. It’s absurd—but this is the reality of the modern visa system for many.
According to official statistics from some embassies, millions of visa applications are rejected globally every year, resulting in billions of dollars effectively extracted from poor economies, with no return on investment.
Bureaucracy Disguised as Policy
Embassies justify this non-refundable structure by citing “service fees” or “administrative processing.” Yet the irony is glaring—most embassies are government-run institutions, their employees already salaried through public funds. So why charge the equivalent of a month’s income from a poor applicant with little chance of acceptance?
Moreover, the reasons for visa denial are often vague or unjustified: “insufficient travel history,” “questionable financial flow,” or the infamous “intention to overstay,” even when applicants provide valid bank statements, return tickets, and confirmed accommodations.
This inconsistency points not only to bias but to systemic inefficiency—or worse, deliberate financial exploitation.
A Two-Tiered System: Politicians vs. Common Citizens
The disparity becomes even more offensive when you contrast this treatment with how the elite are handled. Businesspersons and politicians—many of whom have questionable financial ethics—face little to no scrutiny.
Take the example of Pakistan: Several Pakistani politicians are known to own real estate in London and other Western capitals. Questions about how they acquired such wealth abroad are rarely asked, and their visa processes are expedited without the rigorous financial probing that a poor student or worker might endure. Investigative journalism, including work from Transparency International, has repeatedly highlighted this selective enforcement.
Third-Party Exploitation: Hidden Costs Multiply
On top of visa fees, applicants often must:
Pay for travel insurance (non-refundable if the visa is denied),
Buy airline tickets in advance (again, non-refundable),
Pay third-party service fees to agencies handling biometrics and applications, often upwards of $75 USD,
And cover residence permit fees post-arrival (another €100+ in many European countries).
One of the most egregious examples is the Transit Visa—required even for passengers who are only in the airport for a few hours between flights. These short layovers, often arranged by budget airlines, can become unaffordable or logistically impossible for travelers from poorer nations due to the additional visa requirements.
This system appears more like a profit-generating scheme than a security protocol.
The Irony of Western Travel Freedom
In contrast, citizens of developed countries enjoy unprecedented freedom. Many Western travelers can visit dozens of countries visa-free or obtain visas on arrival. They travel on shoestring budgets, sometimes hitchhiking, sometimes receiving free meals from hospitable locals in the very countries whose citizens must navigate a bureaucratic minefield just to step into a Western airport.
This double standard highlights a profound global inequality—not just economic, but also institutional and diplomatic.
A Call for Policy Reform
It’s time for global institutions to reimagine diplomacy. A few actionable ideas:
Partial Refunds: Embassies should refund at least 75% of the visa fee upon rejection, retaining a small amount for actual administrative costs.
Visa-Free Transit: Travelers on short layovers should not need costly transit visas, especially for under 8 hours.
Means-Based Adjustments: Visa fees should be adjusted relative to the applicant’s country of origin’s GDP or income index.
Transparency in Rejection: Detailed reasons for visa denial should be shared with applicants to ensure accountability.
Conclusion: Bureaucracy Must Serve, Not Exploit
The world’s diplomatic framework needs to be more humane. In an era where globalization is supposed to bring people closer, bureaucratic walls are growing higher for those who can least afford them.
It is not only unethical—it is unsustainable.
As long as global diplomacy continues to favor the wealthy and powerful while ignoring the dreams of the underprivileged, we are not progressing—we are profiting from inequality.
Hunza Valley faces increasing pollution amid growing concern about the environment, midway through growing environmental concerns, once celebrated with its pristine air and breathtaking scenery. The Hunza Valley in Gilgit-Baltistan is currently experiencing significant declines in air quality. The most recent data shows that the regional air quality index (AQI) has reached moderate levels, raising concerns among environmentalists and residents. The major contamination that contributes to this level is PM2.5, with concentration measured at 18.8 µg/m³. This number is about 3.8 higher than the World Health Organization’s recommended annual directive for PM2.5 exposure.
In a similar way, Accuweather reports 55 AQIs in the region, which is also classified as a “moderate” area. Although this level is generally accepted in the general population, people with respiratory disease or other susceptibility can facilitate health effects.
Factors of Pollution
Several factors contribute to increased levels of pollution in Hunza Valley:
Increase in Tourism: Influx of tourists promotes higher waste generation to higher vehicles, promotion of climbing and infrastructure and nurturing of infringers.
Increasing population: The increase in local residents has led to increased energy consumption and waste production. Improper wastewater authorities: Lack of local waste deviations.
Health Effects
Compared to the increase in PM2 mirrors, there are several health benefits, especially in endangered species groups, such as children, the elderly, and people with existing airways and cardiovascular disease. Short-term effects can cause coughing, irritating throats, and shortness of breath, but long-term exposure can lead to more serious health problems.
Infrastructure: Includes green rooms and vegetation in urban planning to help cleanse the air.
Improved Waste Management System: Development of efficient waste and waste mechanisms can reduce environmental pollution. At Gilgit-Baltistan, Hunza Valley’s AQI is relatively moderate compared to other cities in the Gilgit-Baltistan area. Cities such as Gilgit and Aliabad, for example, report higher AQI mirrors, indicating more serious concerns about pollution.
Conclusion
Hunza Valley continues to be the goal of natural beauty and cultural wealth, but increasing levels of pollution are a key issue. Active measures that affect community participation, sustainable practices and national support are important to maintain the integrity of the local environment for future generations.
Nestled in the heart of the breathtaking Himalayan range in Pakistan, Fairy Meadows is a paradise for nature lovers, adventure seekers, and anyone looking to escape into the untouched beauty of the mountains. With its lush green meadows, towering peaks, and crystal-clear streams, this magical place truly lives up to its name.
Why Fairy Meadows is a Must-Visit Destination
Fairy Meadows looks like it’s straight out of a fairy tale. Surrounded by dense pine forests and wildflowers, the landscape is dominated by the mighty Nanga Parbat, the world’s ninth-highest mountain. The view of the sunrise and sunset here is something you’ll remember for a lifetime.
For those who love hiking, Fairy Meadows offers one of the most scenic treks in the world. The journey starts from Raikot Bridge, where a bumpy jeep ride takes you to Tato Village. From there, a 3-4 hour trek leads you to Fairy Meadows. The trail is moderate, making it perfect for both beginners and experienced hikers.
Unlike crowded tourist spots, Fairy Meadows remains peaceful and unspoiled. There’s no noise pollution—just the sound of the wind, birds, and flowing water. It’s the perfect place to disconnect from the world and reconnect with nature.
Camping Under the Stars
One of the best experiences here is camping under the open sky. With minimal light pollution, the night sky is filled with countless stars. Sitting by a bonfire, sipping tea, and gazing at the Milky Way is pure magic.
For the more adventurous, a trek to Nanga Parbat Base Camp (Beyal Camp) is a challenging but rewarding experience. The trail takes you through glaciers and rocky terrain, offering jaw-dropping views of the mountain.
Best Time to Visit Fairy Meadows:
The ideal time to visit is from May to September when the weather is pleasant, and the meadows are in full bloom. Winters are extremely cold, with heavy snowfall making access difficult.
How to Get There
By Air: Fly to Islamabad, then travel to Chilas or Gilgit by road.
By Road: From Chilas, take a jeep to Tato Village, then trek to Fairy Meadows.
China and Pakistan Partner to Explore Lithium and Mineral Wealth in Gilgit-Baltistan
Islamabad, April 2025 – In a strategic move to tap into Pakistan’s vast mineral resources, the Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP) and the China Geological Survey have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for collaborative mineral exploration in Gilgit-Baltistan.
The agreement, signed during the Pakistan Minerals Investment Forum 2025 in Islamabad, focuses on the joint exploration of Lithium and other high-value minerals. The partnership includes field expeditions, geochemical sampling, technical training programs, and exchange visits to strengthen geological research and capabilities in the region.
The high-profile event was attended by Chief Ministers of Gilgit-Baltistan, Balochistan, Sindh, and Punjab. Gilgit-Baltistan Chief Minister Haji Gulbar Khan played a key role in highlighting the region’s potential.
Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, in his keynote address, stressed the importance of harnessing Pakistan’s estimated trillions of dollars’ worth of untapped mineral deposits. He emphasized the need for a unified national policy to process raw materials domestically before export, aiming to increase value addition, drive economic growth, and reduce reliance on institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
This new partnership marks a significant step toward technological collaboration, regional development, and the global race for critical minerals such as Lithium, which is essential for electric vehicle batteries and renewable energy technologies.
Hunza is one of the most beautiful places in Pakistan, and spring makes it even more magical. When the blossoms bloom, the valleys turn into a paradise of pink and white flowers. If you want to experience this breathtaking season, here are five must-visit places in Hunza:
1. Karimabad Hunza:
One of the greatest locations to see the blossom season is Karimabad, which is located in the center of Hunza. The valley is covered in delicate pink and white blossoms from the cherry and apricot trees, giving it a fairytale appearance. The breathtaking views of Ultar Sar and Rakaposhi mountains are also visible from this location.
2. Gulmit Valley:
Gulmit is a peaceful and beautiful valley in Upper Hunza. The blossom season turns this valley into a colorful wonderland. Walking through the village, you will see orchards filled with apricot and cherry blossoms. The fresh air and friendly locals make the experience even better.
3. Hyderabad Hunza:
In Hunza, Hyderabad is a small but beautiful village. During the blossom season, it transforms into a sea of flowers, and it is well-known for its fruit trees. Because of its serene ambiance and breathtaking scenery, it is the ideal spot to unwind and take in the beauty of nature.
4. Hoper Valley:
Hoper Valley is in Nagar Valley, but it’s close to Hunza, so you can easily visit it. Hoper Valley is one of the most beautiful places in Hunza. During the blossom season, the valley is covered with apricot and cherry flowers, creating a breathtaking view. The stunning backdrop of snow-covered mountains makes it a perfect spot for photography.
5. AltitHunza:
Altit Hunza is also one of the beautiful tourist attractions in Hunza. It is famous for its historic Altit Fort, but it is also a great place to see the blossoms. The gardens around the fort are full of blooming apricot trees, making it a wonderful place to visit in spring.
Spring in Hunza is truly special. The fresh air, colorful blossoms, and beautiful mountains make it a perfect place to visit. If you want to see nature at its best, these five places are a must-visit!
Nowruz—also spelled as Nawruz or Navroz—is more than just a celebration; it’s a tapestry of resilience, hope, and cultural unity woven across millennia. Rooted in ancient Persia and Zoroastrian traditions, Nowruz translates to “New Day,” symbolizing the start of the Persian New Year on March 21. Over the centuries, this vibrant festival has crossed borders—from Iran and Central Asia to South Asia—embracing new customs while retaining its essence of renewal and joy. In the mesmerizing valleys of Hunza, located in the northern part of Pakistan, Nowruz takes on a distinctive charm. Blending Iranian influences with local Hunza customs, the festival emerges as an ode to spring, family bonds, and the spirit of communal harmony.
1. A Brief History of Nowruz
Ancient Roots and Zoroastrian Ties
Nowruz’s heritage traces back more than 3,000 years to ancient Persia, possibly predating the formation of the Persian Empire. Many historians connect it to Zoroastrianism, a pre-Islamic religion practiced widely in Persia. When Islamic conquests brought cultural and religious transitions, the followers of Zoroastrianism migrated, spreading the Nowruz celebration far and wide.
Global Recognition and UNESCO Status
The festival’s importance in fostering cultural exchange and unity led UNESCO to include Nowruz on its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009. Today, it’s observed in several countries, including Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Iraq, Iran, India (particularly Gujarat and Maharashtra), Afghanistan, and Pakistan—especially in the region of Gilgit-Baltistan, where Hunza lies.
Legends and Lore
Haft-Seen Table (Iran): In Iran, people display the Haft-Seen table with seven symbolic items starting with the Persian letter “S,” such as sprouts (rebirth), senjed (Persian olive symbolizing love), garlic (safety), and vinegar (endurance).
Kurdish Mythology: Kurdish people commemorate the legend of Kawa the Blacksmith defeating the tyrant Zahak. They light bonfires on mountain tops, a tradition reflecting the victory of good over evil.
2. Nowruz in Hunza: An Alpine Canvas of Celebration
Nestled in the Karakoram Range, Hunza Valley boasts a natural grandeur that makes every celebration feel surreal. Rugged peaks, lush terraces, and blossoming fruit orchards form the picturesque backdrop for Nowruz festivities. The local people, predominantly from the Ismaili community, have woven this ancient Persian festival into their unique cultural fabric, making it a beloved annual tradition.
2.1. Eve of Nowruz (March 20): Preparations and Anticipation
Family Gatherings and Festive Excitement
As evening approaches on March 20, families in Hunza come together. Warmth and excitement fill the air, with everyone immersed in preparations for the next day.
One quintessential tradition is the careful pouring of Mutoo Doodth or Dumanum Mamu (fermented milk/yogurt). The tangy aroma mingles with freshly baked chapatis, teasing taste buds and signaling the arrival of Nowruz.
Bukak (Fava Beans) and Salty Necklaces
Locally referred to as bukak or fava beans, these beans are lightly salted and often strung together to form necklaces. Children receive these necklaces as a symbol of blessing and protection.
This practice of threading salted beans underscores communal goodwill—each necklace given is a wish for health, prosperity, and joy.
Fiti: The Traditional Bread
In cozy kitchens, elders prepare Fiti, a special bread shaped with love and care.
These small breads are gifted to children on the morning of March 21, a cherished gesture that signifies passing down blessings and the continuity of tradition.
2.2. Midnight and Henna Rituals
As clocks strike midnight, women and children gather to apply Masma or Sharong (henna) on their hands—and sometimes in their hair. Intricate patterns dance across palms and locks, telling stories of age-old customs, family legacies, and community bonds. Henna in Hunza isn’t just for decoration; it’s a ritual that links generations, binding the past with the present through art.
3. Nowruz Day (March 21): A Tapestry of Traditions
3.1. Early Prayers and Communal Breakfast
Jamatkhanas and Gratitude
At dawn on March 21, community members congregate in Jamatkhanas (prayer halls). The air is tinged with solemnity and gratitude as people offer prayers for blessings in the new year.
Post-prayer gatherings usually involve sharing fermented milk, Khamali (chapati), Shishar (fried bread made from fermented dough), and comforting chai. The communal meal cements feelings of unity and mutual support.
3.2. Symbolic Foods and Offerings
Fava Bean Necklaces for Children
With the arrival of morning light, children parade around in vibrant clothing, proudly wearing their fava bean necklaces. This practice is unique to Hunza’s Nowruz celebrations, reflecting communal love and a sense of protection.
Small Salted Fiti
Each household presents small Fiti breads to the youngest family members. The salted bread, created the previous evening, stands for blessings, nourishment, and a fresh start.
3.3. Swinging into Spring: Women’s Gatherings
One of the most distinctive aspects of Nowruz in Hunza is the special gathering for women and girls in blossoming gardens. They tie swings to fruit-laden branches, singing ancient verses that echo through the valley:
The lilting melodies and gentle swinging motions encapsulate hope, joy, and the cherished sense of rebirth that springtime brings. This ritual fosters a sense of youthfulness and renewal, with women wholeheartedly embracing the festival’s essence.
4. Music, Dance, and Culinary Delights
4.1. Traditional Tunes and Dance
Cultural Performances
As the day unfolds, local musicians bring out traditional instruments, filling the air with soulful tunes that have been passed down through centuries.
Men and women join in communal dances, swaying gracefully to these ancient rhythms. The dances highlight unity, love, and a reverence for nature’s renewal.
4.2. Sharbat/Harisa: The Dish That Brings Everyone Together
No Nowruz celebration in Hunza is complete without Sharbat/Harisa, a succulent dish made from:
Crushed Wheat
Meat
Butter
This hearty concoction symbolizes prosperity and is served generously among family, friends, and neighbors. Cooking and sharing this dish deepen community ties and reflect the spirit of giving.
4.3. Abb-e-Rasan (Pure Rainwater)
In Hunza, if it rains on the night of March 20 or the early hours of March 21, the water is referred to as آب رساں (Abb-e-Rasan)—pure water collected to nourish both body and spirit. This custom underscores the valley’s respect for nature’s blessings, seeing the rain as a celestial gift that welcomes spring.
5. Nowruz Beyond Hunza: A Wider Cultural Mosaic
Though Hunza’s Nowruz traditions are deeply rooted in local heritage, similar celebrations unfold across Gilgit-Baltistan, Iran, Azerbaijan, Central Asia, and beyond, each with its own cultural flavor.
5.1. Gilgit-Baltistan’s Unique Highlights
“Chi-Chi” Ritual: In some parts of Gilgit-Baltistan, a newborn is placed on an elderly man’s shoulders, symbolizing blessings and guidance for both the infant and the family.
Egg-Breaking Competitions in Baltistan: Painted eggs are brought by competitors, who then try to break each other’s eggs. The person who manages to crack the most eggs wins, adding a playful element to the festivities.
Polo Games: In Baltistan and other parts of Gilgit-Baltistan, local polo matches on Nowruz day ignite the spirit of friendly rivalry and entertainment.
5.2. Iranian Haft-Seen and Central Asian Traditions
Haft-Seen Display: Iranians carefully set up a table with seven symbolic items starting with “S,” reflecting everything from rebirth to devotion.
Kurdish Bonfires: The legend of Kawa the Blacksmith inspires Kurdish communities to light bonfires, celebrating the triumph of good over evil.
Central Asian Celebrations: Countries like Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan greet Nowruz with street parties, music, and large communal meals.
6. The Symbolism of Spring and Rebirth
From ancient poets to modern writers, spring has consistently been a metaphor for hope, renewal, and rejuvenation. Harsh winters are likened to despair and stagnation, while spring’s arrival heralds life’s triumphant return.
Flora and Fauna: Flowers bloom in dazzling colors, attracting graceful butterflies. Trees soak in the sun’s warmth, preparing to nurture fresh buds. Birds sing ceaselessly, celebrating nature’s grand revival.
Sun’s Vitality: The “day king,” or sun, spreads its golden rays to every corner, signifying the world’s reawakening and the promise of brighter days ahead.
7. Why Nowruz Matters: A Festival of Unity and Renewal
Cultural Continuity and Adaptation Cultures evolve, yet some core beliefs remain untouched. Nowruz endures as a festival that seamlessly blends tradition with new influences, demonstrating cultural resilience. In Hunza, these time-honored customs—like henna application, women’s garden gatherings, and salted Fiti—are woven into the modern era without losing their original spirit.
Celebration of Diversity The world’s rich tapestry of Nowruz celebrations offers a glimpse into humanity’s shared longing for renewal and prosperity. Like a garden brimming with vibrant blooms, global cultures contribute different hues and fragrances to the Nowruz festival, making it both distinct and universal.
A Sense of Belonging and Community For the people of Hunza, Nowruz is more than just a date on the calendar. It’s a reaffirmation of communal bonds, where neighbors share meals, families exchange gifts, and children learn centuries-old traditions. This collective participation underscores Nowruz’s power to unite people across generations.
8. Practical Tips for Experiencing Nowruz in Hunza
Plan Ahead: Try to arrive in Hunza by mid-March. Local guesthouses and hotels may fill quickly as the festival nears.
Respect Local Customs: Participate in communal prayers if invited, but observe guidelines on attire and etiquette in Jamatkhanas.
Taste the Local Cuisine: Savor fermented milk (Mutoo Doodth/Dumanum Mamu), Shishar, and Sharbat/Harisa. Don’t miss out on fresh chapatis, especially Khamali.
Engage in Community Activities: Join the evening gatherings for henna application, and if you’re a woman or a young girl, enjoy the swings in local orchards.
Capture Memories: The stunning backdrop of snow-capped peaks and blooming flowers offers amazing photo opportunities, but always ask before taking personal or cultural photos.
9. Conclusion: The Eternal Promise of a “New Day”
Nowruz in Hunza, steeped in ancient history yet vibrantly alive in contemporary culture, stands as a poignant reminder of nature’s cycle of rebirth and human resilience. From the fragrant aroma of fermented milk and the salty crunch of bukak necklaces to the melodic voices of women singing in orchard swings, each moment of the celebration symbolizes hope, unity, and renewal.
Hunza’s Nowruz traditions echo the broader global tapestry of springtime festivals—each unique in expression yet bound by the universal sentiment of welcoming new beginnings. As Josef Pieper once said,
“To celebrate a festival means to live out, for some special occasion and in an uncommon manner, the universal assent to the world as a whole.”
In this spirit, Nowruz transcends borders, languages, and epochs, inviting everyone to partake in the joy of spring, the warmth of community, and the eternal promise of life renewed. Whether you find yourself in the winding lanes of Hunza, the bustling streets of Tehran, or the mountains of Kurdistan, let Nowruz remind you that each new day—every “New Day”—brings with it endless possibilities for hope, growth, and unity.
Embrace the warmth of community, the bloom of spring, and the timeless legacy of Nowruz—a festival that truly welcomes the rebirth of everything once thought lost. If you ever get a chance, head to Hunza around March 21 to experience first-hand how an ancient tradition continues to inspire hearts and bring people together with every “New Day.”
At Hunza Times, we believe that the joy of free flight should not be limited by financial constraints. Many aspiring pilots in Hunza dream of soaring the skies but lack the means to afford proper equipment. This is where you can help!
We are reaching out to the paragliding community for donations of used, extra, or spare paragliding equipment to support local pilots who have the passion but not the resources. By reusing and recycling gear, we can ensure that more individuals experience the freedom of flight while reducing waste.
What Can You Donate?
We accept all types of paragliding equipment in good condition, including:
Wings (solo or tandem)
Harnesses
Rescue parachutes
Helmets
Jumpsuits and shoes
Flight instruments and radios
Bags and accessories
(Note: We do not accept competition or non-approved equipment.)
Why Donate?
Empower Aspiring Pilots: Your contribution will help local enthusiasts take to the skies.
Sustainability: Recycling and reusing gear minimizes waste and extends the life of valuable equipment.
Global Impact: Following in the footsteps of ailespoureux, we aim to create opportunities in low-income regions.
Other Ways to Support
If you don’t have equipment to donate but still wish to contribute, you can make a financial donation. These funds will be used to inspect, repair, and distribute the donated equipment, ensuring safety and usability.
Spread the Word!
Your voice is just as valuable as your donation. Share our mission with fellow pilots, clubs, and associations to expand our reach and impact.
Join Us in This Mission
Let’s come together as a community to keep the spirit of free flight alive for everyone. To donate equipment or make a financial contribution, please visit our website: https:/
Thank you for being a part of this incredible initiative. Together, we can give the gift of flight!
Nestled amid the snow-capped peaks and dramatic valleys of Gilgit-Baltistan, the Hunza region is home to a centuries-old tradition that marks the dawn of the agricultural year. Known as Bafao in Burushaski and Taghm (also spelled Taγ̌m) in Wakhi, this vibrant seed-sowing festival celebrates nature’s renewal and the community’s hope for a prosperous harvest. From Ghulkin to Altit, Shimshal to other parts of Upper Hunza (Gojal), local communities come together in early spring with music, dance, ritual, and feasting to honor their agrarian heritage and welcome the season of new growth.
Historical Roots and Cultural Significance
For generations, Hunza’s people have depended on the land for sustenance, enduring long and frigid winters before the promise of spring brings fresh hope. This festival—commonly referred to as Bafao in Burushaski-speaking areas and Taghm/Taγ̌m among Wakhi-speaking communities—symbolizes:
Renewal of Life: With the melting of snows and the thawing of fields, farmers prepare the soil for planting.
Community Bonding: Neighbors unite to share meals, exchange blessings, and help each other sow seeds.
Preservation of Traditions: Ancient rites and rituals are passed on to younger generations, keeping the region’s cultural tapestry vibrant and intact.
Historically, the ruling family of the Hunza State would officiate Bafao festivities each February, particularly in Altit, staying at the Altit Fort while leading the community in celebratory events. After the end of the princely state system in 1974, many of these traditions waned. In recent decades, local organizations and elders have revived the festival, recognizing it as an essential part of the region’s living heritage.
Preparing for the Festival
1. Household Purification and New Clothes
In many villages—such as Ghulkin, Shimshal, and Altit—preparations begin with thorough cleaning of homes. Women often don newly made clothes to symbolize freshness and purification. One of the customs involves fetching fresh water from an irrigation channel, used later for cooking the festival’s special dishes.
2. Cooking Semen Chapik or “Pirkitn”
A signature element of the festival is the preparation of semen chapik (in Wakhi, the process is called Pirkten). This dish is made from flour, sometimes mixed with wheat or barley, cooked into a thick porridge. Families sprinkle flour on doorways, pillars, and even on each other’s heads—a ritual blessing meant to ensure an abundant harvest and good fortune.
After this ritual sprinkling, everyone enjoys semen chapik with rugun (liquid rancid butter), considered a prized local delicacy. A portion of this dish is taken to the local jammat khana (community congregation place) where elders and men gather to offer prayers for successful sowing, growth, and harvest in the coming year.
First Day of Celebration
1. Prayers and Blessings
Community elders lead prayers, invoking blessings for the seeds that will soon be planted. This ceremony often includes the burning of juniper branches—called yarz—whose smoke is believed to purify the air and field, ensuring fertility and good weather.
2. Music, Dance, and Polo Matches
In many parts of Hunza, the afternoon is devoted to leisure and entertainment:
Polo Matches: Polo has long been a cherished sport in Gilgit-Baltistan, and the festival offers an opportunity to watch spirited matches between local teams.
Folk Dances and Music: Accompanied by local musicians—often the renowned Dom players—villagers dance in long lines, clapping and jumping in perfect sync. Wakhi dances are particularly famous for forming impressive rows of dancers who leap gracefully in time with the drums.
3. Sharing with the Shogunptuk Clan
In some villages, a representative clan known as shogunptuk plays a ceremonial role. Households present them with a loaf of bread and receive in return a piece of pish pish winik (a willow-like wood) and a miniature plough called stors. This tiny plough is covered with butter and a local thick stew called bat as a symbolic act of blessing and good fortune. The stors is then kept in the family home throughout the year.
Second Day: Official Seed Sowing
1. Tumang Ceremony and Shogan Ptük
The central moment of the festival is the tumang ritual, where a member of the shogan ptük clan announces the official start of cultivation. He ignites juniper leaves, allowing the aromatic smoke to drift in the direction of the fields believed to be especially fertile for that year.
2. The ‘Druksh’ (Ox) Role
A village member dresses up like an ox—called the druksh—to entertain the crowd. Amid the laughter, this individual also conveys important predictions for the agricultural season. The comedic elements keep the atmosphere joyous yet carry a serious undertone, as the community collectively prays for prosperity.
3. Children’s First Ploughing (Spunder Khak)
On a specially reserved field, small children, often two or three years old, symbolically guide a pair of oxen for the very first time. This brief but meaningful rite connects the youngest generation to their agrarian roots. The community applauds their efforts, marking a proud milestone for each child.
Revival in Altit: Bafao Returns After Decades
In Altit, the Bafao festival had gone uncelebrated for over 42 years. However, local groups like the Hunza Art and Culture Council have worked tirelessly to resurrect it, hosting two-day celebrations near the historic Altit Fort. Traditional music resounds, men and women don regional attire, and local poets recite verses praying for a fruitful wheat harvest. Even foreign tourists now travel to witness and participate in these enthralling events.
Notably, Governor Mir Gazanfar Ali Khan—the former ruler of Hunza State—attended a recent Bafao festival, praising its revival and vowing official support for continuing these cultural traditions. The planting of saplings during the festival further underscores the community’s commitment to greening the region and ensuring future sustainability.
More than a Festival: A Celebration of Life and Heritage
For residents of Gojal, Yasin, and broader Gilgit-Baltistan, Taghm/Bafao is far more than just a ritual to sow seeds. It is:
A cultural anchor, bridging the past with the present and instilling pride in younger generations.
A symbol of unity, where families, friends, and neighbors come together in gratitude and celebration after enduring a harsh winter.
A reminder of ecological harmony, highlighting how deeply intertwined people’s lives are with the land and nature’s rhythms.
As the valleys of Hunza come alive each spring with laughter, dance, prayers, and the scent of fresh flour and juniper smoke, these timeless customs hold profound lessons about sustainability, community resilience, and the enduring spirit of Gilgit-Baltistan.
Why Experience Bafao/Taghm?
Cultural Immersion: Observe centuries-old traditions, from local dishes to communal rituals.
Scenic Beauty: Enjoy breathtaking vistas of towering peaks, turquoise rivers, and budding orchards.
Warm Hospitality: Savor the region’s famed generosity and witness the heartfelt warmth of local communities.
Deep Heritage: Appreciate how agricultural cycles and community identity intersect, revealing a unique cultural tapestry rarely seen elsewhere.
In essence, the Seed Sowing Festival in Hunza—whether you call it Bafao or Taghm/Taγ̌m—is a testament to resilience, gratitude, and shared hope. It pays homage to both the land that nurtures life and the communal values that sustain a way of life. For anyone yearning to experience the vibrant heart of Gilgit-Baltistan, taking part in these festivities offers an unforgettable glimpse into one of the world’s most storied mountain cultures.
Naltar Valley is one of the most beautiful places in Pakistan, located in the Gilgit-Baltistan region. It is about 34 kilometers from Gilgit city and is known for its breathtaking scenery, lush green forests, and colorful lakes.
Natural Beauty
Naltar Valley is surrounded by high mountains and covered with thick pine forests. The valley is peaceful and offers a refreshing escape from busy city life. In winter, the valley is covered with snow, making it a perfect place for skiing and snowboarding. During summer, the valley turns green with beautiful flowers and fresh, cool air.
Naltar Lakes
One of the main attractions of Naltar Valley is its three stunning lakes:
1. Satrangi Lake: – Known as the “Rainbow Lake” because of its seven different colors.
2. Blue Lake – A deep blue lake with crystal-clear water.
3. Bashkiri Lake – A peaceful and hidden lake surrounded by mountains.
These lakes reflect the beauty of nature and are a must-visit for tourists and photographers.
Adventure and Activities
Naltar Valley is famous for skiing in winter. It has one of the best ski resorts in Pakistan, where international competitions are held. In summer, people enjoy hiking, camping, and jeep rides through the valley. The journey to Naltar is thrilling as it goes through rugged mountain roads.
Wildlife
The valley is home to different wildlife species, including snow leopards, ibex, and red foxes. The fresh air and natural beauty make it a perfect spot for nature lovers.
How to Get There
To reach Naltar Valley, visitors first travel to Gilgit city. From Gilgit, a jeep ride takes about 2 hours to reach the valley. Since the road is rough and narrow, jeeps are the best way to travel.
Conclusion
Naltar Valley is a paradise for those who love nature, adventure, and peace. Whether you visit in summer or winter, the valley offers something unique and unforgettable. If you ever get a chance to visit, don’t miss the magical beauty of Naltar!
